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Showing posts with label Investing. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Investing. Show all posts

Friday, July 24, 2026

Personal Themes - investing

 Investing is an art which is like shooting in the dark. In olden times when data availability was rare, some would browse through whole lot of data and probably pick up stocks based on Dividends, growth etc. or even rare cases PE, as price was dictated by a few.

Investing today gives  you crazy amount of data and data crunchers and now AI has put in its hat.

Screeners put out what top traders look into before investing and you can get their typ of stocks, be it value investing or momentum investing or a peter lynch portfolio or RJ OR   WB type portfolio. 

But investing should be fun and not like running on a treadmill looking to make more money. It may fail. You need luck to pick up a Titan or Coke or an Amex or even an MRF  type of companies and invest hugely in them to make money. 

This brings us to Conviction or themes that one must have and stick to it unless some major regulatory or market related changes has up ended it. At least you would not regret if one theme fails as other theme could do bette.

My themes are as follows: I may not invest big but at different times try to do a $ cost average.

 

These themes are

a) i feel medical business is going to do well as people eating, working habits are becoming more bench oriented (ordering and watching it on tv. Eating while working etc. etc). Thus my conviction is medical facilities and pharma will do well in future. Add to it corporatitization of hospitals.

b)  The second theme is on Waste management. As we increase the footprint of garbage (be it delivery based packing of goods, food delivery or any purchases), the plastic and wastes are going to pile and you need companies to convert them to useful products.  

c) The third theme is based partly on b. We abuse resources and as flooding in chennai during heavy rains showed, most of the lakes are converted to buildings and with climate change over time many of the coastal cities will be under water. Thus clean water is going to be required in future and such companies

d) As we collect more and more data, the storage is going to increase and so does computing. This requires huge amount of cloud storage and thus the heat generated needs to be cooled. ACs and electrical equipments will be in demand in future.

e) And to run d) we will need a lot of power and power equipments. Thus this is my theme - power (whatever means) generation and transmission.

f) Finally, my last ones will be with lots of Social Media, the need to look good, different is there. Thus fashion and beauty products is also my theme.

g) I would like to add one more here - Investment companies-  the reason being as Indians get more educated and financially savvy with lot of influencers giving out financial ideas, people will invest more in mutual funds (like MoSL, HDFC, ICICI etc) and through companies like zerodha, growmore, cred etc.

 

Of course, you have, Banking and fin. sectors, infra, FMCG, AI replacement, employment agencies theme etc. and other different themes and you have to choose and invest in them slowly and hope one of your themes becomes a multi bagger. 

 The key thing is not to loose your conviction in your themes. There may be bad times or good times for companies, but if your conviction is good on the themes, it will do well in the long run.

Like someone had a conviction in Zomato- a) people want to relax at home and eat and watch movies/programs at home and not be bothered of traffic, parking, weather etc. b) Kirana shops open around 10 AM to 8 PM and then close.So there is an exclusive market for it from  8 PM to next day 10 AM where you can get what you want by ordering in 10 -30 mins. Thus if somebody had conviction in Zomato they would have invested and even though initial loss making to make the model and scale it up may take time.


Add to it luck also plays a key role. We know of big investors and the risks they took and it worked out, but do we know of hundreds of wannabe Warren buffet, RJ or others whose bets did not work out and lost lot of money.  It is possible how much money you are putting in. if you put 50 Rs and it gives 100% return, you are valued at 100. However, if you had put 50 lakhs, you would be 1 cr. Again, the ability and guts to take risk should be there. An example below:


“In 1989, I invested Rs 1.25 crore in Sesa Goa shares at price of Rs. 26.”

“My friend Radhakishan Damani and Kamal Kabra were so bearish on Sesa Goa that they used to laugh at me for buying it.”

“In next 3 months the price flew to Rs. 60. I sold bulk of my shares and the last lot I sold in 1992 at price of Rs 2,200. This made my net worth Rs 4 Crores.”

- Late Rakesh Jhunjhunwala.








  

Saturday, August 26, 2023

Investing thoughts

INVESTING THOUGHTS 

 

How many of you want to get rich quickly? Suppose I say, invest today in this stock an amount of 1 lakh and get a return of 5 lakh next year.

I can see many hands raised. Let me tell you a fact. It is not possible to do so, unless you win a lottery or you end up losing your money to a fraud scheme.

If investment was that easy, half the male population would be in the Bahamas or such other place with couple of trophy females on either side and a drink on the hand. I don't know about female liking so I did not mention it, as I do not want to be accused of gender bias. 

Wealth creation is a long term process. Not an overnight one. Reaching from 1 lakh to 1 crore will take 10 -15 years or so, but will accelerate after that from 1 crore to 5 crores and so on, because of what is called as Compounding.

Another aspect of investing is Psychology. If X and Y feel the same about a company and the valuation, the share price will not rise as X feels that at 50 Rs it is rightly valued and Y also feels that at 50 Rs it is rightly valued. But we are all not wired that way. Each one feels different, One feels 50 Rs is a good buy, while another feels that 50 Rs is a good sell. This differential Psychology is what make the market.

Another aspect of investing Psychology is  looking at others and making the investment. If X has made 50% return, let us follow him as he knows and holds the key to investment, not realizing that X may be fooling people, or X has invested at a time when others were sleeping, or X may be selling when you are buying. Thus to be a good investor one should follow one's own philosophy.

A good investor follow -RIL - no not Reliance Industries Limited, but Research, Invest and Luck. Yes, luck plays an important part in the investors success - Take Warren Buffet and his single largest investment in Coke. It was possible that Pepsi could have demolished Coke, but didn't. Take Rakesh Jhunjuwala and his investment in Titan. It was highly possible that Tanishq the brand jewellery on which Titan was riding high could have failed as a cheap jewellery compared to the real gold jewellery. Or take the case of Ms Mehra and HDFC and her recommendation as an investment. It could have failed like a Yes bank (was run by a top Stan chart guy -Rana who was supposed to know all about banking). But they were lucky as the consumers did not think so.

As a layman investor, with not much of research access or management concall access, we just look at public domain information, which we get after some of the big investors have had the information and taken the call on the share. Thus as a lay investors we are mere followers.

Given the above, how do we go about investing. First and foremost is we spread our investment. This is called diversification. But we should not over diversify. For eg investment in an X company of 100 Rs and it went up 50% to 150 Rs will fetch you a profit of 50 Rs. But if you had invested 50,000 Rs in it, you would have got 25, 000 Rs. Thus Diversification is key but Positioning (or how much you invest) is also key. 

My thoughts on investment ( not a recommendation or advice) is you invest as a beginner in Stable companies (Growth last 5 years at15%, PE <15, ROCE at 15%, ROI at 15%-some parameters), Mature Companies (Companies making profits and giving dividends for the 10-15 years), Cyclical Companies like pharma, metals, Infra etc, and Risk Companies where you take a call for a reason and it may or may not work out. For eg currently, Yes bank, Vodafone etc.

The %age I believe you should be invested in above categories are 30%, 30%, 20% and 10%. ( You may or could have your own preference in other categories but generally the last one recommended -Risk Companies should not exceed 10%).

In each of the categories, pick up a max of 3 companies each (not more) to ensure you can take positioning advantage and at the same time risk mitigation through diversification.

Another question that arises is when should one start investing - Ideally as soon as possible (at the time of birth, if parents can invest). But on your own -when you start earning.

Another question that again arises is how much. At least 30% of your salary and 50% of your bonus. If not, because salary is low at least 10%. Most of the young people repeat this oft repeated answer- But Uncle, I can't save because my salary meets the minimum requirements and I am barely able to survive. To this my answer is simple. If you are earning 50,000 Rs /month, you know how to live. The same way if you are earning 30,000 Rs/ month, you will still continue to live. So, start with taking off 30% of your salary for saving and think that you are getting that much only. In extreme cases of low salary, you may go down to 20% or even 10% savings. But you must do that if you want to become reasonably rich 20-30 years from now. Spending, enjoying your current life is not going to keep you financially relaxed when you reach the end of your career. Don't regret in old age, what you can with a bit of sacrifice in your young age. 

One of the common arguments that one hears these days is - "Kal kisko patah", lets enjoy life today. Let me tell you this. No one knows when your expiry date will come, but with medical and general lifestyle changes, people are averaging 80 years and some 90 years unlike in olden times 65- 70 was the norm for death with a few exceptions. Thus, at 60 plus you do not want to be fighting with your wife that we overspent and should have saved when we were young. Eating and going out less may help you save money as well as your health.

Talking of health, one of the important investment is taking care of your health. Live frugally or king size, but ensure that your exercise (even weights is recommended) is one of your prime habit. As they correctly say, if Money is lost nothing is lost, but if health is lost everything is lost. No one can predict what will happen with health, & investment, but if you invest in your financial health and body health, your chances of a comfortable retired life is more of a probability. Think about it NOW and not LATER.

Coming back to investment, investment in stocks depend on What price you buy at and what quantity you buy at. These determine the extent of profit you make. Higher purchase price may give you lower profit/share, Lower quantity may give you lower overall profit.  There is no magic formula to determine these two, but these two have some fundamental requirements - On the Stock price - what is the reasonable PE, Past Growth, Potential future etc. On the Quantity, it is your self belief or conviction that this Company will grow based on the data set you have collected.

Today life is fast paced and with WFH, WA, Emails, employees are on the job 24 hours and don't have time for reading, research, watching some good investors speak etc. This is where Mutual Funds come in or if you want a more boutique investment style, a SEBI registered Fee only advisors are there to design it for you.

Mutual fund is a good place to start for beginners in investing. The advantage is somebody is doing your job of research and picking reasonably good stocks with risk factor as per the category. When I say risk category, what I mean is, Mutual Funds have a range of categories - Large, Mid, Small, Flexi, cyclical, thematic etc. So where you invest, a certain element of risk is there and that depends on you where you want to invest. Say, Small cap has one of the highest risk factors and also has one of the highly rewarding returns if it clicks. Like stocks, with categories of stable, mature, cyclical, risky, MFs also works in that same category. But the advantage of MF is that you do not choose a specific stock or stocks, but the MFs with their huge analysts choose the stocks and they choose a basket to ensure the returns are reasonable for them to get more funds into their schemes. This is called AUM or Asset Under Management.


Some people ask what is PMS. It is not what Women go through, but in investment jargon it means Portfolio Management Scheme. Currently, the minimum that is required for joining the PMS is 50 lakhs- a few years back it was 25 lakhs. You primarily give your money to these schemes run by supposedly experts who invest in different companies and also take risks by investing in Pre IPO schemes, start up companies etc. which a normal investor cannot because of the funds and access to such instrument. You can have even 200% return on it or it can collapse too. But these are for people who have financially secured themselves and can take the risk of losing 50 lakhs and not feel the pain. Given a choice, I would not recommend young investors to go for it.

One more investment philosophy I believe in is Investment should be done in a relaxing mood and not taken up with a lot on stress on returns and few downsides, some stocks/MFs not doing well. If overall your asset is increasing it is fine. Over a period of time, the law of averages will give you a good return if you consistently invest- be it upside time or downside time. Keep your investment private and do not discuss, else you will be stressed if you see someone having a better return than you and that will cause you, under stress, to irrationally invest to try to beat the other persons return. Get ideas and do your own research on basic fundamentals and leave everything to luck too. Hopefully, of the 10 business you invest, 2 or 3 may fail, but if economy grows then your other 7 or 8 business should have done well.

If end of this lecture, you come to me and say, Should I invest in this stock or MF or will this give a better return, then I think I have wasted my time. The purpose of this lecture is not to focus on specific stocks or MF, but to give a broad investment philosophy to follow. I may not be an expert on stocks/MF to ask such a question. As someone said, when some one asks to buy or sell he first asks how much money do you want to invest. If a guy says, 1 lakh, he advises, 50% you buy and 50% you hold in cash or the other way around in case of sell - 50% you sell and 50% you hold. If market moves on the right side, you can always say - I told you so. If market moves on the wrong side, you can always say - See, I saved 50% of your investment.

Please note do not give me an eg of Warren Buffet, Peter Lynch, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, or a Vijay kedia.  How many of the success stories are there in the billions of investor community. They may be less than .1% and most of it by luck - a Titan or a coke or Amex etc. They have invested heavily and also lost heavily which an ordinary investor can't afford to. Earlier data availability of companies used to be rare, but today an Equitymaster, Moneycontrol, Screener, Trading view etc have made data availability and analysis easier. Now we have even AI to do the heavy lifting. Thus all investors have same data. End of the day nobody and I mean no body in the world can predict the future and that is why no one give a GUARANTEED RETURN.


 





 

Wednesday, August 23, 2023

Real Estate

REAL ESTATE INVESTING

 

Investing in Real Estate in India is becoming painful despite the RERA act. 

Buying or selling property is fraught with documentation requirement, encumbrances, registration and still someone can file a court case and it can go on for years.

Further, particularly 2nd hand transactions, involve black money.

Add to it if property is prime, the political angle and goondaism.

In the west, the property dealer being a legal person takes care of all the documentation and there is no scope of being cheated or issues cropping up in courts that take a long long time.

Further, RE investment and sale is now  becoming tedious with the diminishing of joint family and couples  having one or two kids and staying separately away from the joint family. This means that a large house is empty and difficult to dispose off if the parents are 75-80 years old and the children do not stay in that place or stay abroad.

My advice/recommendation (not binding or marketing it-just a thought) for investment in RE is as follows:

1) If you can rent it, all the better as there are more properties available on rent than demand as in last few years people invested heavily in gated and high rise apartments in the hope of selling at huge profit which didn't/hasn't materialized.

2) Advantage of renting is if you are going to invest, say, 2 crs, the FD int @ say conservative of 6% will fetch you 12 Lakhs per year or 1 lakh per month. For that you can get a decent 2,3,4 bedroom flat for 50,000 Rs per month. This saves you 50,000 per month which you can invest and earn better.

3) Flat owners living in a different place than their ownership, prefer a decent couple who pay rent and if required, by giving 6 months reasonable period, may vacate. They are ready to lower the rent for them to avoid litigation or abusive tenants staying.

4) Rental yield is just 2-3% and while you can get better rents by giving out to group of  bachelors (girls or boys), or as AIRBNB, but many gated communities object to it. 

5) With a small family, running around during old age to sell a house or flat is tedious, particularly if kids are abroad. (Western countries just give 2 weeks off in a year and it takes at least 5-6 months staying in that property to sell a property in India, else agents take you for a ride.

6) Lot of unscrupulous builders who take the money and not complete. Eg Unitech and a whole of companies in Delhi- Noida belt. People have taken EMIs and paid the builders hoping to repay the loan by self occupation. But work is not completed and EMIs are on making a big cash flow impact.

7) Preferable to buy with a very well reputed builder or ready to move in property will at least ensure you have the property

8) Maintenance of the property is another big headache. If house, there are recurring costs, if gated community, costs keep increasing and the maintenance cost goes up. If kept locked, maintenance is still to be paid.

9) It does not mean you should not invest in RE. If you are planning to settle in one city, you can buy a flat and live in comfort and one typical Indian concern is of landlord asking you to vacate and you are not able to find another flat to live in. Living in own flat has the advantage of modifying, redoing to meet your needs. But disadvantage is slow accumulation of things that may not be needed later.

RE DESPITE RERA (OUR COURTS TAKE AN INORDINATE LONG TIME- MAYBE 20-30 YEARS TO DECIDE CASES) IS FRAUGHT WITH UNDERHAND DEALINGS (ALWAYS THROUGH AGENTS TO EASE PAYMENT UNDER TABLE) AND INNUMERABLE DOCUMENTS - SALE DEED, ENCUMBERANCE DEED, ELECTRICITY APPROVAL, RERA APPROVAL, MUNCIPALITY APPROVAL ETC, ETC WHICH A NORMAL PERSON CANNOT VERIFY.

THUS POINT 7 IS ONE OF THE BEST OPTION.

India should have a single point (window) and if you register there, they will check the wills, encumberances, disputes etc and can give you a clean possession certificate which courts will also acceppt. Western countries lawyers take care of it.



Saturday, July 2, 2022

Investing Basics

Investing Basics

Every individual feels that it is easy to make huge amount in the stock market and with the ads and success stories being numerous - ala Rakesh Jhunjunwala, the Damanis, Warren Buffet etc- it is natural for ordinary humans to fall for the trap. Nobody talks of the huge daily losses people get in F&O and other areas like Crypto - stories of a Harshad Mehta, Ketan Parekh (who tried to game the system) or people like Porinju whose some investment like lloyd went bad.

So, what brings success to these stock market individuals. There are 3 primary analysis which these successful people do - Financial or Fundamental, Technical and not much talked about is Emotional. Further, you have to look at total Portfolio investment, rather than individual shares and thus there may be losses in some, but overall the investment should give a positive return. Along with Portfolio, key is the Quantity or Positioning as they call to invest. If you invest 5 shares in a stock and it goes from 100 to 150 you make 250 Rs. But if you had invested 500 shares then the return is 25,000. Thus Quantity, in what you believe is a good investment, is also the key.

What is Financial and Fundamental Analysis. This is basically studying the past of the company and also the potential future study of the industry to see the direction the Company could take. Financial analysis involves seeing what sales growth it had for last 5 years, Profit for last 5 years, Cash flows, Ratios, operating and financial leverages and many other financial data sculled from the balance sheet and Profit and loss. This gives the confidence that the company is on a firm footing with its feet firmly  on the ground.

The other part of the analysis is the Fundamental analysis - studying the industry, potential growth, competitors, moat (or how easy or hard for competitors to do what you do), vision of what holds the future and finally the management (are they trustworthy- probably the most difficult to answer).

Technical analysis gives the direction/momentum (like RSI) of the shares and helps in accumulating or liquidating the stock. If the trend shows that it is higher, catch it at the beginning and not at the top. Also, sell close to the top and not when it is at the bottom. Use trend line, candlestick, Fibonacci to help with this type of analysis.

Emotional. This is the most crucial aspect of stock market. Each of us are wired differently. One might sell when a 5% profit is made, while other at 50%. Or one might want to cut short the losses at -5% or wait to fall to the bottom. This is where the difference between a brilliant investor and an average investor comes. A brilliant  investor knows when to move in or move out of a stock, while the average investor just follows the brilliant investor. Market perception of your stock should be much greater than your perception of stock, if money is to be made.

One of the critical investment mantra I give is not to compare what others made or copy blindly the investment gurus. Both add to issues of emotion in your decision making and not make you think rationally.

Be your own judge and avoid talking about it. Quietly invest and make money with a few losses in between.

Keep it simple: Focus say on ROCE last 5 years, Sales growth 5 years, dividend yield - consistent and average 3-4%, PE less than 20. Reasoning is if a company is doing well for past 5 years, logically it should do going forward. But you may get some losses if it does not happen. Eg. If someone had invested in Nokia on the above basis it was run over by Apple and Samsung with their smart phones. Same as Netscape - one of the earliest browser. But at least 50-60% chance is there it may not happen to all the companies.

Stocks- maximum of 10-15 stocks with couple in each sector like FMCG, Banks, Pharma, Engineering being the key.

Keep some ETFs in Gold also.

Give a time period of 15-20 years to generate wealth. In boom time you may liquidate some and in low time you can add more.

In mutual fund - Select max 2 in each. Keep small amount in small cap and mid cap. Preferably SIP.

 a) Index funds (Nifty, Nifty 50, Sensex, some international funds like S&P, Nasdaq, or China fund),

b) Large cap funds, (Steady, return in the range of max 10-12%)

c) Mid cap funds, (Slight risk, but extra return than Large cap in the range of 20-25%)

d) Flexi cap funds (Diversification)

e) Small cap funds (Risky, but more returns possible in the range of 35-40%

f) Corporate bond funds (Less risk, in the range of 6-8%)

g) Liquid funds (Minimal risk - in the range of 4-6%)


KEY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT NEEDS

 Primary to above investment, some key things are to be taken care of.

1. Emergency Fund

2. Insurance- Both Term and Medical

3. WILL Preparation and registering

4. Excel of all financial details- House keeping

5. Start Early

The above 5 are enumerated further below.

1. Emergency Fund

The first saving should always be the Emergency fund. 12-24 months of average spend should be saved and put in Fixed deposit  to draw from it in case of job loss/med emergencies or any other emergencies. But ensure that after the event is over, it is refilled.

2. Insurance

One needs to give to medical a big importance. Like they say if Wealth is lost, nothing is lost but if Health is lost, everything is lost. If health is there, you worry about 10 things, If health is there you worry about only 1 thing.

Or as Steve job says, you can hire a driver to carry you from one place to another, you can hire a financial expert to earn your income, but you can't hire a person to carry the disease for you.

Thus before any investment, following insurance is key:

a) Pure Term insurance - a large amount to take care of family in the event something goes wrong. (not very expensive. Aim for 120 times the current salary- takes care of family for at least 8-10 years)

b)Base health policy like a floater for you and family, even if you have company policy. Current limit say 15 Lakhs which will go up every year with inflation. (a bit expensive but essential)

c) Top up or Super top up policy (not very expensive) to cover over and above the base policy in the rare event if the disease is such that requires long term medical treatment or replacements like liver etc. (See my blog on difference between Top up and Super Top up)

d) Cancer policy to cover the growing instance of cancer occurrence (separate for you and wife. Kids not required hopefully).

    Critical Notes for insurance policies:

Ensure you provide all the medical information to the company, before policy issue (to avoid claims being rejected on flimsy grounds)

Ensure you take your policy by 35 years of age as older you get life style disease may prevent you from getting medical insurance or it will be excluded or wait period may be 3-5 years.

Reach your expected insurance limit (provide for future inflation) by the time you are 60 years of age. Insurance companies may not cover for a higher increase beyond 60 years.

Diff on top up and super top up. Super top is cumulatively you are covered, while top up is one time. Eg. if you are hospitalized and expenses exceed base policy, top up helps. But in the same year you are hospitalized again top will not help, but super top up will.

Some key sayings by many famous investors

Be an optimist. Otherwise do not invest in stocks

Expect a realistic return. Don't go by the SM messages of 250% plus in a few days etc. Those are high risk and lucky bets.

Don't over analyse- stick to PE, ROI, Growth. not what macro/micro economics, future potential etc. These are undefinable and good only on excel extrapolations

Don't risk all you have. Positioning is important, but in relation to what you have. Not everything you have. Ensure enough money to get you through simple living for 10 years and then invest 

Be patient. Some stocks go through ups and downs. But if it has been performing well for many years, you can reasonably expect to perform well.

Don't thing 100% of your pickings will be a success. Maybe 50% of it. 

Buy at right price which can be gauged by many factors, but primarily PE. At 80-100 PE, it is not worth it. Check out PE of the market. Below 20 is fine, 20-25 it is a bit risky, above 25 it is dangerous.

When market is too frothy, pull out a portion of the funds.

Diversify across companies and across sectors for a safe investment. A number of big investors like say Buffet may say and I Quote him "You know, we think diversification is—as practiced generally—makes very little sense for anyone that knows what they’re doing...it is a protection against ignorance." Unfortunately, we do not have the time or the investing inclination like them to invest in Selected companies in large quantities that a risk of collapse would bankrupt us. Risk and diversification are inversely proportional. A certain element of diversification is recommended does not mean if you have 100 Rs you put 1 Re in 100 companies. Diversification means you put 20 in one sector in 1 or 2 cpy, 20 in another sector in 1 or 2 cpy and so on. This will help generate wealth if those 1 or 2 cpy do well as Positioning (quantity of investment as discussed above) gives you a better return.

3. Will Preparation-

 This is quiet essential to avoid fights in the family as well as preventing a 3rd party filing a frivolous claim on the family asset. 

Though nowadays family is not large like olden days and no longer a joint family but a capsule family of wife/husband and 1 or maximum 2 children, will may not seem essential, but to avoid any disputes it is better to have one. Preferably a simple WILL (can be got from internet), but witnessed by a young doctor and another young witness (older witness may not outlive you) and better to get it registered and kept in a safe place.


4. Housekeeping.

 

 This is the most essential part of investment. If you invest and make lots of money, but in the rare event of your demise your family is unaware then your primary goal of keeping your family off the streets is lost. 

    THUS IT IS ESSENTIAL TO PUT ALL YOUR INVESTMENT DETAILS IN             AN EXCEL AND SHARED WITH WIFE AND CHILDREN.

The excel can be simple with following columns

a. Type of investment (FD/Savings Account/MF/Stock broker etc)

b. Party with whom invst - Name of Bank/ Mutual fund (or kuvera)/geojit/reliance etc.

c. Address/contact name of above - preferably with telephone/email.

d. Folio or reference number

e. Amount ( can be a rough current amount)

f. Nominee assigned ( ensure nominee is there in all- preferably two)

You can, if you desire have further details added above, but the above are essential ones.

5. Start Early

Your investment journey has to begin early( preferably 25 years when you start earning) to have the effect of compounding and creating wealth after 20 -25 years to make you comfortable.

The early start is required as the journey is long and  there will be ups and downs in the market and in order to take advantage to stay invested.

The biggest argument for not saving is I do not make enough to save. But like in Rich Dad Poor Dad he says, that what you get, shave off some savings and believe you have that much only.





Disclaimer: Nobody in the world can predict what is going to happen,. Shares, if any, mentioned is not a recommendation to buy or sell, but an information package which each individual has to study and take a call.